5 Hz), alpha (8-12.5 Selleck PR 171 Hz), and beta (13-30 Hz) frequency bands; spectral edge frequency; and mean dominant frequency. Results. -The use of wool cap had no effect on all electroencephalogram parameters considered. Gestational age showed an effect on relative spectral power of all considered bands, spectral edge frequency and mean dominant frequency, while no effect was seen on burst

suppression ratio and asymmetry index. Neonates born at gestational weeks lower than 28 had significantly higher relative power in the 6 band and lower relative power in the alpha and beta bands. Conclusions. -Heat loss prevention using wool cap does not affect interpretation of spectral electroencephalogram. Spectral values GSK126 in our group of very premature infants without neurological complications correspond to normal data reported in the literature. Maturation changes consist of reduction of relative power of the delta band, spectral edge frequency and mean dominant frequency. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Background: The Drosophila neoplastic tumor suppressor Lethal (2) giant larvae (Lgl) controls apicobasal cell polarity and proliferation. We have previously shown that lgl(-) clones in the developing eye exhibit ectopic proliferation and suppress apoptosis without affecting apicobasal cell polarity. Ectopic expression of the apical polarity regulators atypical

protein kinase C (aPKC) and Crumbs also leads to increased cell proliferation and/or survival. Here we investigate how these cell polarity regulators control proliferation and survival.\n\nResults: We report that depletion of lgl in eye epithelial tissue, where polarity is maintained, results in upregulation of targets of the Salvador/Warts/Hippo (SWH) tumor suppressor pathway.

Consistent with this, the SWH pathway transcriptional coactivator Yorkie is hyperactivated in Lgl-deficient tissue and is rate buy PKC412 limiting for lgl(-) phenotypes. Overexpression of the apical polarity regulators Crumbs or aPKC also leads to ectopic expression of SWH pathway targets without affecting polarity. We show that Lgl depletion or aPKC overexpression results in comislocalization of Hippo and Ras-associated domain family protein (RASSF), consistent with RASSF’s ability to block Hippo activation by Salvador. In contrast, Crumbs overexpression leads to mislocalization of Expanded away from the apical cortex, which is predicted to deregulate the pathway.\n\nConclusions: Collectively, our data reveal that the cell polarity regulators Lgl, aPKC, and Crumbs regulate the SWH pathway by two distinct pathways: Lgl acts antagonistically to aPKC to regulate Hippo and RASSF localization, whereas Crumbs regulates Expanded localization. Thus, our study implicates Lgl, aPKC, and Crumbs as regulators of tissue growth via the SWH pathway.”
“This sheep study was designed to make a comparative evaluation of two external fixation pin types each with and without hydroxyapatite (HA) coating.