7%, and a TURP syndrome of 5% for the TURP treatment arm, but none of these complications were reported for LBO PVP.46 Conversion to TURP because of impaired visibility caused by bleeding is the only documented intraoperative adverse event of KTP laser vaporization. However, the good hemostatic properties of the KTP laser and its use with saline irrigation avoid the risk of blood transfusion and TUR syndrome, even in patients with

ongoing anticoagulation and longer operation Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical times.56 In one meta-analysis, intraoperative complications with the KTP laser were statistically significantly lower compared with TURP.13 Rieken and colleagues39 reviewed the recent data on complications of laser prostatectomy and indicated that PVP had low intraoperative morbidity and early postoperative complications comparable with OP or TURP. Early Postoperative Complications Comparing PVP with TURP in patients with prostates larger than 70 mL, Horasanli and associates Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical observed a higher rate of urinary retention after PVP (15.3% vs 2.7%; P = −.02).44 Another RCT reported 0% and 16.7% clot retention in KTP and TURP, respectively, whereas Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical transient urinary retention with recatheterization LY2109761 solubility dmso occurred in 5% of both groups. Urinary tract infection (UTI)

occurred in 3.3% and 5% of KTP and TURP, respectively, whereas re-admissions were necessary in 1.6% and 5%, respectively.45 Compared with TURP, prolonged postoperative storage symptoms after KTP laser are not uncommon. Most of the reviewed trials report a Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical mean rate of 10% (range, 10–22) for transient dysuria.45,50,57–62 Surgical experience, previous treatment with finasteride, total laser energy used, and the degree of laser

fiber degradation are potential explanations for this phenomenon.63,64 No difference in the incidence of postoperative complications was documented in an RCT trial comparing PVP with OP Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical for prostatic adenomas >80 mL. Prolonged dysuria was noted in 7.6% of KTP and 11.6% of OP patients, whereas UTIs were reported in 21.5% of KTP versus 27% of OP patients.52 Histamine H2 receptor In an RCT comparing LBO with TURP, clot retention occurred in 10% of TURP-treated patients compared with none in the LBO group. In the same study, dysuria within 30 days following surgery was reported in 31.7% of TURP and 93.3% of LBO patients.46 Ruszat and colleagues supported the aforementioned findings with data from a major study of 500 patients. Following PVP using the KTP laser, hematuria was reported in 9.8%, blood transfusion in 0.4%, revision in 0.6%, acute renal failure in 0.6%, urosepsis in 0.4%, dysuria in 14.8%, transient urge incontinence in 2.4%, and UTI in 6.8%.50 Hematuria was significantly more common in patients taking anticoagulation treatment (17.2% vs 5.4%; P = .001)65 or with prostates > 80 mL (17.2% vs 9.8%; P < .05).