In 2011, more individuals died from drug overdoses than from motor vehicle accidents. Strategies are available that pharmacists can use to reduce the likelihood of opioid misuse, abuse, and diversion while minimizing the impact on legitimate pain management efforts. These strategies and tools can be used to support (1) the assessment of prescriptions that are presented for opioid medications, (2) the management of patients receiving opioids, and (3) follow-up options when Napabucasin in vivo misuse, abuse, or diversion has been identified.
Conclusion: Implementation of systems and processes that support pharmacist management of opioid-related issues under financially viable business models would create a number of opportunities to improve patient
care.”
“Acute promyelocytic leukemia Mizoribine (APL) is characterized by a reciprocal translocation, t(15; 17)(q22; q11-21), resulting in the fusion of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) genes. Using conventional cytogenetic methods, these translocations are normally detected in about 70-90% of patients; most negative
results are due to technical problems or cryptic variants. These masked PML/RAR alpha fusions can be identified by molecular analyses, such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Approximately 5 to 10% of all APL cases reported do not show PML/RARa fusion transcripts, even with dual-colored FISH. We report three of 40 diagnosed APL cases that showed morphological, cytochemical, and immunophenotypic
features of hypergranular APL, but did not show a PML/RAR alpha fusion signal or any of its variants, on CX-6258 FISH. All cases were identified by RT-PCR, which was further confirmed by cDNA sequencing. Conventional karyotyping showed other clonal aberrations in these cases, but failed to show t(15; 17) or any other variants or complex translocations.”
“The possibility to develop a microanalysis system for the acquisition of gastrointestinal information is presented here. The system consists of four assay sites for trypsin, pepsin, and other biochemical compounds. The major components in each assay site were a pH-responsive valve, a pH-stat used to maintain the pH of the solution to be analyzed and used for electrochemical pH-titration, and a freeze-dried enzyme substrate stored in the pH-stat. The operation of the valve is based on electrowetting, and the valve is made pH-responsive by means of a nonstandard three-electrode system. The sample solution was automatically injected into the compartment and rapidly dissolved into the substrate layer. The automatic pH-stat, based on another nonstandard use of the electrochemical three-electrode system, maintained the solution pH and, at the same time, conducted pH-titration. The determination of the activity of the proteases was conducted at their optimum pHs. The output current showed a clear dependence on the activity of the enzymes.