We employed quantitative microscopic analyses of human Argonaute 2 (hAgo2) mutants to study factors that govern localization selleck products of this RNA-binding protein to cytoplasmic RNA granules. We report, for the first time, that hAgo2 is recruited to stress granules as a consequence of its interaction with miRNAs. Moreover, loading of small RNAs onto hAgo2 is not required for its stability, suggesting that a pool of unloaded hAgo2 may exist for extended periods of time in the cytoplasm. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Inducible phase 2 enzymes constitute a primary line of cellular defense. The oleanane dicyanotriterpenoid

2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana1,9(11)-dien-28-onitrile (TP-225) is a very potent inducer of these systems. Topical application of TP-225 to

SKH-1 hairless mice increases the levels of NAD(P)H-quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and protects against UV radiation-induced dermal thickening. Daily topical treatments of 10 nmol of TP-225 to the backs of mice that were previously subjected to low-level chronic UVB radiation (30 mJ/cm(2)/session, twice a week for 17 weeks), led to 50% reduction in multiplicity of skin tumors. In addition, the total tumor burden of squamous cell Selleck Flavopiridol carcinomas was reduced by 5.5-fold. The identification of new agents for protection against UV radiation-induced skin cancer and understanding of their mechanism(s) of action is especially important in view of the fact that human skin cancers represent a significant

source of increasing morbidity and mortality. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“A high prevalence of the sequence variant c.1436C -> T in the CPT1A gene has been identified among Alaska Native newborns but the clinical implications of this variant are unknown. We conducted medically supervised fasts in 5 children homozygous for the c.1436C -> J variant. Plasma free fatty acids increased normally in these Captisol Microbiology inhibitor children but their long-chain acylcarnitine and ketone production was significantly blunted. The fast was terminated early in two subjects due to symptoms of hypoglycemia. Homozygosity for the c.1436C -> T sequence variant of CPT1A impairs fasting ketogenesis, and can cause hypoketotic hypoglycemia in young children.\n\nTrial registration\n\nwww.clinical trials.gov NCT00653666 “Metabolic Consequences of CPT1A Deficiency” (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“The transcription factor p73, a member of the p53 family of proteins, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling the distinct roles for p73 in these two processes have remained unclear. Here, we report that p73 is able to induce cell cycle arrest independently of its amino-terminal transactivation domain, whereas this domain is crucial for p73 proapoptotic functions.