Mean costs were calculated and adjusted for age, race, education, income, marital status, and amount of prenatal care.

RESULTS: Screened-positive-only group adjusted mean maternal total costs ($ 10,869) were significantly higher than screened-assessed-followed, screened-assessed, and control groups ($ 9,430; $ 9,230; $ 8,282; all P<.001). Screened-positive-only group adjusted mean infant total costs ($ 16,943) were significantly higher than screened-assessed-followed, screened-assessed, and control groups ($ 11,214; $ 11,304; $ 10,416; all P<.001). Screened-positive-only group adjusted mean

selleck chemicals overall total costs ($ 27,812) were significantly higher than screened-assessed-followed, screened-assessed, and control

groups ($ 20,644; $ 20,534; $ 18,698; all P<.001). Early Start implementation costs were $ 670,600 annually. Cost-benefit analysis showed that the net cost benefit averaged $ 5,946,741 per year.

CONCLUSION: Early Start is a cost-beneficial intervention for substance use in pregnancy that improves maternal-infant outcomes and Selleckchem IPI145 leads to lower overall costs by an amount significantly greater than the costs of the program. (Obstet Gynecol 2012;119:102-10) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31823d427d”
“Contents In this work, we evaluated whether embryo development and pregnancy rates would be affected by culturing bovine Bos indicus embryos in Synthetic Oviductal Fluid with amino acids (SOFaa) or G1/G2 sequential medium under a low-oxygen atmosphere. Using Ovum Pick Up, we obtained 1,538 oocytes, divided into G1/G2 (n = 783) and SOFaa (n = 755). No difference was observed for blastocyst development among the groups (27.8% +/- 14.6 and 34.9% +/- 20.0 for G1/G2 and SOFaa respectively, p > 0.05). Transferring the embryos (n = 450) from both groups to recipients resulted in similar pregnancy rates for the G1/G2 (38.4% n = 78/203) compared to the SOFaa (39.7% n = 98/247). Our findings confirm that Bos indicus embryos cultured Batimastat in SOFaa and G1/G2 under low-oxygen atmosphere have similar in vitro (blastocyst

rate) and in vivo (pregnancy rate) developmental capacity. However, embryos cultured in G1/G2 medium have higher cleavage than those cultured in SOFaa medium.”
“The clinical outcomes of patients discharged after prolonged postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) stay following cardiac surgery are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess survival and functional status in patients whose ICU stay exceeded 5 or 10 days in a tertiary cardiac surgical unit.

Patients undergoing adult cardiac surgery between October 2008 and October 2010 who stayed in an ICU for 5-10 days (Group A) or > 10 days (Group B) were studied. Demographics, operative details and postoperative data were prospectively collected. The follow-up of all patients was performed by telephone questionnaire.

Here we review recent studies on the transcriptional control of key haematopoietic transcription factors, which demonstrate that gene loci contain multiple modular regulatory regions within which specific regulatory codes can be identified, that some modular elements cooperate to mediate appropriate tissue-specific expression, and that long-range approaches will be necessary to capture all relevant regulatory elements. www.selleckchem.com/products/CAL-101.html We also explore how changes in technology will impact on this area of research in the future.”
“To improve the optical transparency and organosolubility of aromatic

polyimides derived from 4,4′-oxydianiline (4,4′-ODA), two new aromatic diamines, 2,2′-diiodo-4,4′-oxydianiline (DI-ODA)

and 2,2′-bis[(p-trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4,4′-oxydianiline (BTFP-ODA) were synthesized by using 4,4′-ODA as a starting material. Novel polyimides were prepared from these two diamines with various commercially available aromatic dianhydrides via a one-step high-temperature polycondensation procedure. Most check details of these polyimides showed enhanced solubility in common organic solvents compared with those corresponding polyimides derived from 4,4′-ODA. Especially, polyimide derived from BTFP-ODA and rigid pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) was also soluble in DMF, DMAc, DMSO, NMP, and m-cresol at room temperature. These polyimides had inherent viscosities from 0.41 to 1.26 dLg (1) in NMP or m-cresol at 30 degrees C. Transparent, flexible, and tough films can be obtained by casting from their DMAc or m-cresol solutions. These films had the UV onset wavelengths in the range of 347-391 nm and the wavelengths at 80% transmission of 445-544 nm, indicating high optical transparency. They also exhibited good

thermal stability with selleck chemicals glass transition temperatures in the range of 260-327 degrees C. The decomposition temperatures of these polyimides at 5% weight loss under nitrogen were 429-609 degrees C. Because of the weak carbon-iodine bond, polyimides derived from DI-ODA decomposed at lower temperatures than polyimides derived from BTFP-ODA. The effects of the substituents at the 2 and 20 positions of 4,4′-ODA on the properties of polyimides are also discussed. High optical transparency and good solubility combined with high thermal stability make these polyimides potential candidates for soft electronics applications. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 3159-3170, 2011″
“Background: Malaria may be perennial or epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and its transmission may be stable or unstable, depending on the region. The prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum carriage is poorly documented in Gabon. A large survey of P. falciparum infection was conducted in asymptomatic individuals living in rural Gabon.

Hyponatremia has been observed to be widely prevalent in both hospitalized and outpatient HIV patients, although population-based estimates are not known. From case series, these patients appear to be at greater

risk for the development of hyponatremia from pathomechanisms encountered in the non-HIV population. In addition, certain HIV-specific mechanisms from infectious etiologies, endocrine causes, and medications are unique to them. Using an illustrative case as an example, in the following review, we discuss the varied etiologies, pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical features, diagnosis, and outline the management of hyponatremia in HIV patients.”
“Headache with normal examinations and imaging, occurring during an airplane flight has been rarely reported. We present a young patient

with a new type of headache that appeared during flights: take-off and landing of a plane and DMH1 in vivo was not associated with other conditions. This airplane headache is rather rare in population and the pathophysiology of this type is not clear. Secondary causes must be ruled out before the diagnosis of a primary headache is made.”
“We intentionally incorporated carbon into n-GaN by high-temperature annealing of a SiN(x)/CN(x)/GaN structure to study the effect of unintentional carbon incorporation on the electrical properties of n-type GaN surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed outdiffusion of Ga atoms from the GaN surface during high-temperature AG-120 in vivo annealing find more even when the SiN(x)

layer was present. The current-voltage characteristics showed a drastic increase in current in the forward and reverse directions of the Schottky diode in the carbon-incorporated sample. They also showed no temperature dependence from 150 to 300 K. The current-voltage curves of the carbon- incorporated samples in the forward and reverse directions could be almost completely reproduced by assuming an exponentially decaying distribution from the surface for shallow donors. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3056395]“
“Among the chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disease (CKD-MBD) disorders, osteoporosis and adynamic bone are highly prevalent, and they have been consistently associated with low bone mass, bone fractures, vascular calcifications and greater mortality in general and CKD populations. Despite the fact that osteoporosis and adynamic bone have similar clinical outcomes, they have different pathogeneses and clinical management. In osteoporosis, there is a lack of balance between bone formation and bone resorption, and less new bone is formed to replace bone losses. Osteoporosis is defined by the World Health Organization as “”a disease characterized by low bone mineral density and micro architectural deterioration leading to low bone strength and increased risk of fractures.

The contact interaction between the superior component of Prodisc- L and the UHMWPE inlay were assessed in terms of contact region (CR), contact area (CA), and contact pressure (CP). Parameters of range of motion (ROM) and facet loading transfer were simultaneously analyzed and compared

with those of the intact model.

Results. The predicted contact area was 3.5 times larger in flexion than CCI-779 that observed in extension, whereas the maximum contact pressure in the disc articulation was very similar with 15.1 MPa for flexion and 14.5 MPa for extension. Joint surface incongruence was developed in extension motion. The implanted model exhibited a 91.4% increase in ROM accompanied by a 150.6% rising in facet force during extension, while the flexion motion showed the least effects of TDR. In lateral bending and axial rotation, the abnormal joint “”lift off”" was not seen.

Conclusion. The in situ function of the TDR prosthesis was highly

dependent on how well the device could incorporate itself into the mechanical environment in the disc space, which has been determined by the rest see more of the spinal structures, including the retained disc anulus, articular facets, ligaments, vertebrae, and muscular stabilizers. The different contact interaction of the artificial disc components revealed here could be attributed to the violation of this mechanical HSP990 environment which, in turn, may bring adverse effects to those spinal elements.”
“Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) is a rare condition characterized by multiple, small, asymptomatic dermal cysts. Treatment options are limited, with varying degrees of success; these include oral isotretinoin, surgical excision or drainage, and liquid nitrogen cryotherapy. The most effective method is excision, but cosmetic considerations, time, overall cost, and pain must be considered, because patients tend to have multiple cysts. Lasers, especially nonablative devices, have not frequently been

used to treat SM. Herein, we present the case of a patient with isolated steatocystoma multiplex on the abdomen and lower chest with substantial clearance after two laser treatment sessions using two complementary lasers: a 1,450-nm diode laser to target the abnormal sebaceous glands and a 1,550-nm fractionated erbium-doped fiber laser to target the dermal cysts.”
“Study Design. Retrospective case review at a single center.

Objective. To analyze the incidence and risk factors associated with proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) in patients undergoing instrumented spinal fusion for Scheuermann kyphosis.

Summary of Background Data. Previously reported risk factors for junctional kyphosis include improper end vertebrae selection, curve correction greater than 50%, or excessive junctional soft tissue dissection.

Methods.

Targeted interventions are greatly needed. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The On-Off direction-selective ganglion cell (DSGC) in mammalian retinas responds most strongly to a stimulus moving in a specific direction. The DSGC initiates spikes in its dendritic tree, which are thought to propagate to the soma with high probability. Both dendritic and somatic spikes in the DSGC

display strong directional tuning, whereas somatic PSPs www.selleckchem.com/products/ON-01910.html (postsynaptic potentials) are only weakly directional, indicating that spike generation includes marked enhancement of the directional signal. We used a realistic computational model based on anatomical and physiological measurements to determine the source of the enhancement. Our results indicate that the DSGC dendritic tree is partitioned into separate electrotonic regions, each summing its local excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to initiate spikes. Within each local region the local spike threshold nonlinearly amplifies the preferred response over the null response on the basis of PSP amplitude. Using inhibitory conductances previously measured in DSGCs, the simulation results showed that inhibition is only sufficient to prevent

spike initiation and cannot affect spike propagation. Therefore, inhibition will only act locally within the dendritic arbor. We identified the role of three selleckchem mechanisms that generate directional selectivity (DS) in the local dendritic regions. First, a mechanism for DS intrinsic to the dendritic structure of the DSGC enhances DS on the null side of the cell’s dendritic tree and weakens it on the preferred side. Second, spatially offset postsynaptic inhibition generates robust DS in the isolated dendritic tips but weak DS near the soma. Third, presynaptic DS is apparently necessary because it is more SBE-β-CD solubility dmso robust across the dendritic tree. The pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms together can overcome the local intrinsic DS. These local dendritic mechanisms can perform independent nonlinear computations to make a decision,

and there could be analogous mechanisms within cortical circuitry.”
“The Nociceptin/OrphaninFQ (NOP) system is believed to be involved in drug abuse and addiction. We have recently demonstrated that activation of the NOP receptor, by systemic administration of the NOP receptor agonist Ro65-6570, attenuated the rewarding effect of various opioids in conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats and this attenuating effect was reversed by the NOP receptor antagonist J-113397. The present study demonstrates that co-administration of J-113397 (4.64 mg/kg, i.p.) during conditioning, facilitates morphine-induced CPP. Moreover, we found that NOP receptor knockout rats (oprl1(-/-)) are more sensitive to the rewarding effect of morphine than wildtype control rats. Thus, pharmacological or genetic inactivation of the NOP system rendered rats more susceptible to the rewarding effect of morphine.

SAO was measured in 99 adult males with spondylolysis and 125 adult males without spondylolysis. The difference between the groups was tested using an unpaired t test.

Results. Spondylolysis prevalence is significantly higher in African-Americans compared to European-Americans: 5.4% versus 2.04% in males (P < 0.001) and 2.31% versus 0.4%, P < 0.001 in females. SAO was significantly lower in the spondylolytic group (44.07 degrees +/- 11.46 degrees) compared to the control

group (51.07 degrees +/- 8.46 degrees, P < 0.001).

Conclusion. click here A more horizontally oriented sacrum leads to direct impingement on L5 pars interarticularis by both L4 inferior articular facet superiorly and S1 superior articular facet inferiorly. Repetitive stress due to standing (daily activities) or sitting increases the “”pincer effect”" on this area, and eventually may lead to incomplete synostosis of the neural arch.”
“Aim: Studies have demonstrated reverse epidemiology for various serum lipid values among maintenance hemodialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the end-stage renal disease population for reverse epidemiology, particularly YM155 molecular weight in the way lipid levels relate to serum albumin concentration. Materials and methods: Lipid

profiles and albumin levels were collected from end-stage renal disease patients (n = 117) who were undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Patients were placed in an albumin group (>3.8 g/dl) or a hypoalbumin group (<3.8 g/dl). A stepwise linear-regression model utilized albumin levels in g/dl as the outcome variable and tested the significance of additional covariates. Results: Large LDL-C loaded first (p = 0.0001) followed by LDL-C (p = 0.0001) and LDL-C particle size (p = 0.002). ANOVA revealed significant differences in LDL-C levels (p = 0.001), large LDL-C (p = 0.0001), LDL-C particle size (p = 0.038) and HDL-C (p = 0.045). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated

that, when compared with serum albumin levels, a reverse epidemiology effect existed for LDL-C, large LDL-C, LDL-C particle size and HDL-C.”
“The pathogenesis of the co-infection of CAV to MDV is complicated. In order to investigate the impact of CAV on the transformation phase of MD. MDV and, subsequently, CAV, were inoculated at 1 day and 4 weeks of age, respectively. Chickens were selleck chemicals llc divided into six groups; vvMDV, vvMDV-CAV, vMDV, vMDV-CAV, CAV and a control group. The CAV inclusions and antigens were continuously detected in MD lymphomas in the vMDV-CAV and vvMDV-CAV groups in large bizarre-shape (presumably CD4(+) T cells) and small MD lymphoid cells (presumably CD8(+) T cells). The MD lymphomas were composed primarily of CD4(+) T cells, but CD8(+) T cells were infiltrated singly or in clusters. CAV enhanced the MDV-induced brain lesions in the vMDV-CAV group. The lymphoproliferative lesion (LP) in the vvMDV-CAV and vMDV-CAV groups was non-significantly higher than those in vvMDV and vMDV groups, respectively.

Anulus and nucleus tissues were separately analyzed using qRT-PCR for gene expression of anabolic, catabolic, and proinflammatory cytokine markers.

Results. In vitro tests showed decreased torsional stiffness following elastase treatment and no changes in stiffness with frequency. In vivo tests showed no significant changes in dynamic stiffness with time. Cyclic torsion upregulated elastin expression in the anulus fibrosus. Up regulation of TNF-alpha

and IL-1 beta was measured at +/- 30 degrees.

Conclusion. We conclude that strong differences in the disc response to cyclic torsion learn more and compression are apparent with torsion increasing elastin expression and compression resulting in a more substantial increase in disc metabolism in the nucleus pulposus. Results highlight the importance of elastin in torsional loading and suggest that elastin remodels in response to shearing. Torsional loading can cause injury to the disc at excessive amplitudes that are detectable biologically before they are biomechanically.”
“Catalytic

enhancement achieved by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) results from a combination of substrate channeling plus active-site coupling. The mechanism for active-site Selleck Screening Library coupling involves lipoic acid prosthetic groups covalently attached to Lys in the primary sequence of the dihydrolipoyl S-acetyltransferase (E2) component. Arabidopsis thaliana plastidial E2 (AtplE2-1A-His(6)) was expressed in Escherichia coli. Analysis of recombinant protein by SDS-PAGE revealed a Mr 59,000 band. Supplementation of bacterial culture medium with L-lipoic acid (LA) shifted the band

to Mr 57,000. Intact mass determinations using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) revealed the faster migrating E2 species was 189 Da larger than the slower see more migrating form, exactly the difference that would result from addition of a single lipoamide group. Results from systematic MALDI-TOF analysis of Lys-containing tryptic peptides derived from purified recombinant AtplE2-1A indicate that Lys96 is the site of lipoyl-addition. Analysis of Lys96 site-directed mutant proteins showed that they migrated as single species during SDS-PAGE when expressed in either the absence or presence of supplemental LA. Results from both intact and tryptic peptide mass determinations by MALDI-TOF MS confirmed that the mutant proteins were not lipoylated. The A. thaliana plastidial E2 subunit includes a single lipoyl-prosthetic group covalently attached to Lys96. Despite low primary sequence identity with bacterial E2, the plant E2 protein was recognized and modified by E. coli E2 lipoyl-addition system.

1109 to 0.7397, respectively. A total of 115 alleles were found for the 16 microsatellite Selleckchem Adavosertib loci in the two populations; the mean observed heterozygosity (H(O)) was 0.5191 and 0.4333 for the A and E populations, respectively, indicating marked genetic variation within the two populations. Correspondingly, the F(ST) values ranged from 0.002 to 0.9253, with an overall mean of 0.1935, indicating significant genetic difference between the two strains.

The population differentiation levels were substantiated by Nei’s genetic distance and full Bayesian analyses computed with STRUCTURE. Despite the genetic diversity and differentiation within and between the two inbred populations, the 48 individuals were correctly allocated into their original populations with high statistical confidence based on these 16 microsatellite loci. These novel microsatellite loci should be useful genetic markers for these two Chinese hamster inbred strains.”
“Bismuth-layer-structured multiferroic Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BTFO15) (number of pseudoperovskite

blocks, m=4) and natural-superlattice-structured Bi4Ti3O12-Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BIT-BTFO15) (m=3 or 4) thin films were prepared on (001)-oriented and (110)-oriented La-doped (3.73 wt %) SrTiO3 ( La-STO) single-crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition. see more X-ray diffraction patterns of these thin films on (001) La-STO single crystals indicated that the obtained thin films were single-phase (001)-oriented layered perovskite, and that the BIT-BTFO15 (m=3 or 4) natural-superlattice structure was also obtained. On (110) La-STO single crystal, layered perovskite (11l) -oriented thin films were also obtained. Moreover, cross-sectional transmission electron microscope images of these thin films revealed four pseudoperovskite blocks (m=4) in the BTFO15 thin films, and an intergrowth structure of three

and four pseudoperovskite blocks (m=3 or 4) in BIT-BTFO15 sandwiched by two (Bi2O2)(2+) layers. In ferroelectric D-E hysteresis loop Fer-1 measurements, BTFO15 (m=4) and BIT-BTFO15 (m=3 or 4) thin films on (110) La-doped STO single crystals produced clear ferroelectric hysteresis loops with double remanent polarizations (2P(r)) of 49 mu C/cm(2) and 44 mu C/cm(2), respectively. However, BTFO15 and BIT- BTFO15 thin films on (001) La-doped STO single crystals had paraelectric characteristics. These results demonstrate that the spontaneous polarization vectors of the BTFO15 and BIT-BTFO15 thin films were parallel to the a axis of their unit cells. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3491023]“
“Fluorescent pseudomonad R81, a root-colonizing bacterium, is a potential bio-inoculant due to its plant growth promoting characteristics. It produces hydroxamate-type siderophore which is involved in disease suppression in plants. Genetic algorithm (GA) methodology was applied for the optimization of siderophore and cell mass production simultaneously in shake flask experiments. A total of 10 medium components were optimized within 80 experiments.

2 MPa) and elongation (300% +/- 50%). The strength of the web was high enough to use as filter without the need of any supporting matrix and could be applicable in the field of self-supporting membranes. The X-ray and DSC analyses of the PA 6 electrospun fibers show the presence

of the gamma-form of PA 6 crystallite that is usually obtained in the condition selleck screening library where a high stress of the fibers is applied. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 1754-1765, 2010″
“We evaluate the sensitivity of multimodal nonlinear resonance spectroscopy to torque changes in a threaded interface. Our system is comprised of a bolt progressively tightened in an aluminum plate. Different modes of the system are studied in the range 1-25 kHz, which MEK activation correspond primarily to bending modes of the plate. Nonlinear parameters expressing the importance of resonance frequency and damping variations are extracted and compared to linear ones. The influence of each mode shape on the sensitivity of nonlinear parameters is discussed. Results suggest that a multimodal measurement is an appropriate and sensitive method for monitoring bolt tightening. Further, we show that the nonlinear components

provide new information regarding the interface, which can be linked to different friction theories. This work has import to study of friction and to nondestructive evaluation of interfaces for widespread application and basic research. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3443578]“
“The thermodynamic study of the sulphonation of polystyrene-butadiene rubber (PSBR) with chlorosulphonic acid for fuel cell application was carried out. This was done to understand the properties of the sulphonation process in terms of the change in enthalpy (Delta H), entropy (Delta S), and the Gibbs free energy (Delta G) relative to product stability. The Delta H(0), Delta S(0), and Delta G(0) were found to be 40.708 kJ, 64.22 J K(-1), and 22.916 kJ, respectively, indicating that the reaction is not thermodynamically

favorable (though non-sponteneous) where products are less favored compared to reactants which thus required energy. However, at elevated temperature (>328 K), a phase change from liquid to solid was encountered which suggests that the optimum temperature to carry out the Rigosertib chemical structure sulphonation of PSBR in chlorosulphonic acid should be within 328 K. Results obtained also revealed that the sulphonation time influenced the qualities such as, proton conductivity, degree of sulphonation, and methanol permeability of the sulphonated PSBR. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 1766-1771, 2010″
“The three-dimensional structures of proteins are stabilized by the interactions between amino acid residues. Here we report a method where four distances are calculated between any two side chains to provide an exact spatial definition of their bonds.

“
“Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to directly observe and characterize a polymer-modified mica surface prepared using a polymerizable gemini surfactant. Normal tapping mode and contact mode AFM were used to image the treated mica surface morphologies in air and liquid environments, respectively. The root mean square (RMS) roughness of mica surfaces before and after surface modification and polymerization was analyzed from these scans. To determine the effect of styrene adsolubilization on the surfactant-modified mica, AFM measurements of the modified mica were made at various styrene AG-881 in vitro concentrations.

Contact angle measurements were also made to further characterize the nature of the surfactant-modified mica surface. The surface morphology and surface hydrophilicity were observed to be different for the modified mica after polymerization. In addition, the polymerized surface maintained its morphology after washing/desorption studies demonstrating the stability of the polymerized surfactant film. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 115: 1145-1152, 2010″
“Intrauterine retention of foetal bones is an uncommon but recognised complication of late termination of pregnancy. Secondary subfertility, abnormal uterine bleeding and vaginal discharge are the usual presenting complaints. We report a case of prolonged retention of foetal bones for 14 years in a woman

who presented with buy LY3023414 chronic pelvic pain. Hysteroscopic examination was diagnostic and therapeutic. Retained foetal bones are an uncommon intrauterine cause of chronic pelvic

pain that should be considered particularly when a woman with a history of late termination presents with pelvic pain. Hysteroscopic evacuation is curative.”
“This paper presents the results of a combined experimental and theoretical study of adhesion in cold-welded Au-Ag interfaces that are relevant to the fabrication of organic electronic structures. Focused ion beam /transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy techniques are used to reveal interfacial impurities associated with the cold welding of nanoscale Au and Ag thin films. A theoretical model is also developed and used to predict the contact profiles around impurities between cold-welded U0126 cell line thin films. The model is shown to provide new insights into how adhesion affects the surface contacts that occur during cold welding. The implications of the results are then discussed for the design of cold-welding processes.”
“In this work, the compatibility of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) polymers with their polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) copolymers combined by solution blending is investigated, to determine the effect of incorporation of the POSS unit on polymer compatibility. The morphology of these tethered POSS copolymer/polymer blends was studied by electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and density.