This review summarized recent findings on roles of chloroplast si

This review summarized recent findings on roles of chloroplast sigma factors in the chloroplast differentiation and environmental responses.”
“The introduction of information systems into industry to enhance operational efficiency is a common business strategy. Introducing such information systems should be expected to enhance employee satisfaction if the systems work as expected. Based on previous studies of supply chain management

(SCM) and using institution theory, and technology use and acceptance models, this study applies the lens of attitude and assimilation to explore employee behavior toward using SCM systems after implementation, as well as how employees’ attitude and assimilation impact on the performance of the supply chain. Collecting data from employees in the relevant departments from selected companies see more through a survey and applying SEM in the analysis, the study finds that the employee’s perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and the subjective norm (Theory of Reasoned Action) have a positive impact on their attitudes toward their use of the SCM systems. Furthermore, it was found Torin 1 cell line that top management’s positive beliefs and participation also have a positive impact on assimilation and SCM performance. Finally, it was found that attitudes toward the use of SCM systems impact upon information performance but not in other outcomes of SCM operations. Implications for

research and practice are raised. This study contributes to the body

of knowledge by adding to our understanding of the relationships among users’ attitude, assimilation, and business performance at the post-adoption stage within the context of SCM systems.”
“Transition metal binary halides are fundamental compounds, and the study of their structure, bonding, and other properties gives chemists a better understanding of physicochemical trends across the periodic table. One transition metal whose halide chemistry is underdeveloped click here is technetium, the lightest radioelement. For half a century, the halide chemistry of technetium has been defined by three compounds: TcF6, TcF9, and TcCl4. The absence of Tc binary bromides and iodides in the literature was surprising considering the existence of such compounds for all of the elements surrounding technetium. The common synthetic routes that scientists use to obtain binary halides of the neighboring elements, such as sealed tube reactions between elements and flowing gas reactions between a molecular complex and HX gas (X = Cl, Br, or l), had not been reported for technetium. In this Account, we discuss how we used these routes to revisit the halide chemistry of technetium. We report seven new phases: TcBr4, TcBr3, alpha/beta-TcCl3, alpha/beta-TcCl2, and Tcl(3). Technetium tetrachloride and tetrabromide are isostructural to PtX4 (X = Cl or Br) and consist of infinite chains of edge-sharing TcX6 octahedra.

To date, this has been minimally studied in the setting of spinal

To date, this has been minimally studied in the setting of spinal deformity correction. We determined (1) the fusion rate AG-881 inhibitor of long-segment arthrodeses, (2) heath-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) outcomes (VAS pain score, Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], SF-36), and (3) the common complications and their frequency in adult patients with scoliosis undergoing transsacral fixation without supplemental pelvic fixation. Between April 2007 and May 2011, 92 patients had fusion of three or more segments extending to the sacrum for spinal deformity. Transsacral L5-S1 fusion without supplemental pelvic fixation was performed in 56 patients. Of these, 46 with complete data points and a minimum of 2 years of followup (mean, 48 months;

range, 24-72 months; 18% of patients lost to followup) were included in this study. Nineteen of the 46 (41%) had fusions extending above the thoracolumbar junction, with one patient having fusion into the proximal thoracic spine (T3-S1). General

indications for the use of transsacral fixation were situations where the fusion needed to be extended to the sacrum, such as spondylolisthesis, prior laminectomy, stenosis, oblique take-off, and disc degeneration at L5-S1. Contraindications included anatomic variations in the sacrum, vascular anomalies, prior intrapelvic surgery, and rectal fistulas or abscesses. Fusion rates were assessed by full-length radiographs and CT scanning. HRQOL data, including VAS pain score, ODI, and SF-36 scores, were assessed at all pre- and postoperative visits. Intraoperative and postoperative complications https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nu7441.html were noted. Forty-one of 46 patients (89%) developed a solid fusion at L5-S1. There were significant improvements in all HRQOL parameters. Eight patients had complications related to the transsacral fusion, including five pseudarthroses and three superficial wound dehiscences. Three patients underwent

revision surgery with iliac fixation. There were no bowel injuries, sacral hematomas, or sacral fractures. Transsacral fixation/fusion may allow for safe lumbosacral fusion without iliac fixation in the setting of long-segment constructs in carefully selected patients. This study was retrospective AICAR and suffered from some loss to followup; future prospective trials are called for to compare this technique to other, more established approaches. Level IV, therapeutic study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.”
“Intermolecular vibrations relevant to optically and thermally induced magnetic phase transitions between low temperature (LT) diamagnetic and high temperature (HT) paramagnetic phases in a strongly correlated organic radical 1,3,5-trithia-2,4,6-triazapentalenyl (TTTA) crystal have been investigated using broadband terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy. Two absorption bands with different polarizations were clearly observed at 1.3 and 4.0 THz in the LT phase, whilst absent in the HT phase.